Michigan Food Safety Management Practice Test

Which of the following presents the most risk in terms of foodborne illness?

1. Fresh fruits and vegetables

2. Pasteurized dairy products

3. Raw meats and fish

4. Cooked ready-to-eat meals

The correct answer is: Raw meats and fish

Raw meats and fish present the most risk in terms of foodborne illness because they can carry harmful pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, and parasites that are not eliminated until these foods are cooked to the appropriate temperatures. For instance, raw meat can harbor bacteria like Salmonella and E. coli, while raw fish may contain parasites like Anisakis and bacteria like Vibrio. This risk increases when these foods are not handled properly, such as through cross-contamination with other foods, inadequate storage temperatures, or improper cooking methods. Additionally, raw animals and fish are often consumed without any form of treatment that kills pathogens, unlike pasteurized dairy products which have undergone a process specifically designed to eliminate harmful microorganisms. Fresh fruits and vegetables, while they can be sources of foodborne illness, typically present a lower risk when properly washed and handled. Cooked ready-to-eat meals, when prepared in sanitary conditions, are much less likely to cause foodborne illness due to the cooking process that kills pathogens.